Exercise and Migraines: What Helps and Hurts

SOURCES:

Nada Hindiyeh, MD, clinical assistant professor of neurology specializing in headache medicine, Stanford University.

Urvish K. Patel, MD, research associate, Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City.

Cedric X. Bryant, PhD, president and chief science officer, American Council on Exercise, San Diego, CA.

Mayo Clinic: “Aerobic exercise: Top 10 reasons to get physical,” “Exercise and stress: Get moving to manage stress,” “Migraine,” “Dehydration,” “Exercise headaches.”

SleepFoundation.org: “How Exercise Impacts Sleep Quality.”

Cleveland Clinic: “Migraine Headaches,” “Carbohydrates.”

CDC: “Benefits of Physical Activity.”

American Migraine Foundation: “Top 10 Migraine Triggers and How to Deal with Them.”

Kaiser Permanente: “10 warning signs of dehydration. And staying hydrated while wearing a mask.”

American Diabetes Association: “Blood Sugar and Exercise.”

The Migraine Trust: “Hypoglycaemia.”

National Health Service (U.K.): “Causes — Migraine.”

Eat Right: “Timing Your Pre- and Post-Workout Nutrition,” “Exercise Safely in Hot Weather.”

Migraine Canada: “Can travelling to a higher altitude trigger migraine attacks?”

The Journal of Headache Pain: “The association between migraine and physical exercise.”