Jerusalem would have become a great missionary center, and the earth would have been set ablaze with the light of truth in one grand, final appeal to those who had not as yet accepted the invitation of divine mercy. This prophecy must have been pronounced either before Jeroboam came to the throne (approximately 793 B.C.) He went to Bethel, a sanctuary city of the northern kingdom, to deliver prophecies of warning, reproof, and doom to Israel. Since the hostile acts of the heathen peoples committed against Judah (chapter 3:4 ff.) The establishment of the Hebrew monarchy did not affect the basic principles of the theocracy (Deuteronomy 17:14-20; 1 Samuel 8:7). He is the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever (Hebrews 13:8). The life of Christ is a perfect example of the character of God would have His people develop (see on Luke 2:52). Had Jerusalem known what it was her privilege to know, and heeded the light that Heaven sent her, she would have stood forth in magnificent prosperity, the queen of kingdoms, the mighty metropolis of the earth, and would, like a noble vine, have filled the face of the world with fruit (Isaiah 27:6). Consideration is given to the role of literal Israel as Gods chosen people, to the way His plan for them was to have been accomplished, to the way in which it actually did work out, and to the eventual transfer of the privileges and responsibilities of literal Israel to spiritual Israel, that is, to the Christian church. Israels unwillingness to submit to the restrictions and requirements of God, prevented them, to a great extent, from reaching the high standard He desired them to attain, and from receiving the blessings He was ready to bestow upon them. All rights reserved. 1:1, 6:1 - 8). The consecutive order of the book of Haggai would indicate that his whole recorded ministry lasted not longer than 31/2 months, beginning (chapter 1:1) on August 29, 520 B.C., and extending, in his last two recorded speeches (chapter 2:10, 20), to December 18, 520. Again and again God warned Israel that blessing goes hand in hand with obedience and that a curse accompanies disobedience (see Deuteronomy 4:9; 8:19; 28:1, 2, 13, 14; Jeremiah 18:6-10; 26:2-6; Zechariah 6:15; etc.). This fact is recognized by the various New Testament writers, who quoted Isaiah more than 90 times. The transition from literal Israel to spiritual Israel, or the Christian church, is the subject of Romans 9-11. To their own question, What nation is there so great, who hath God so nigh unto them? the Gentiles would answer, Surely this great nation is a wise and understanding people (Deuteronomy 4:7, 6). Micah was a prophet from Moresheth-gath (chapter 1:1, 14), probably Tell ejJudeideh in southwestern Judah. A clear understanding of these aspects of the problem is essential to the formulation of a valid procedure for interpreting the messages of the Old Testament prophets. Hence, Jonah was probably the earliest of the prophets under discussion. The chart allows both ideas, indicating his possible ministry during the two decades preceding 560 B.C. Hosea 2:6-13). In one way or another each of these attempts at interpreting the messages of the Old Testament prophets neglects significant teachings of Scripture, evades fundamental principles of exegesis, and provides a distorted picture of the predictive sections of prophecy. Hosea. With the call of Abraham, God set in operation a definite plan for bringing the Messiah into the world and for presenting the gospel invitation to all men (Genesis 12:1-3). In the introduction to his book he declares that he worked under the kings Uzziah of Judah and Jeroboam II of Israel. Dead sea scrolls. Living in a crisis period of his nation, Jeremiah was called to proclaim many messages of reproof and solemn predictions of doom over his people for their disobedience. 3. No more shall every man teach his neighbor, and every man his brother, saying, Know the L ORD , for they all shall know Me, from the least of them to the greatest of them, says the L ORD. The prophetess Huldah was a relative and contemporary of John 4:23, 24; 2 Tim. A Anathoth 51 Q Who became king of Babylon about the same time as Jeremiah was called by God? During the reign of Zedekiah, Judahs last king, Jeremiah was thrown into prison, being considered a traitor to his country (chapter 37:11-16) because he advised his people to surrender to the Babylonians. They cherished the idea that they were favorites of Heaven, and were ungrateful for the opportunities so graciously afforded them. This Upper Egyptian capital city, better known by its Greek name Thebes, was destroyed by King Ashurbanipal in 663 B.C., a date that provides the upper time limit of Nahums prophecy. In spite of the bold and zealous efforts of such prophets as Elijah, Elisha, Amos, and Hosea, the northern kingdom rapidly deteriorated and was eventually carried into Assyrian captivity. He would have come, He would have died, and would have risen again. 4. The prophets thus provided a firm foundation for the faith of the apostolic church and made a direct and vital contribution to the Christian faith. In Israel, there was sometimes more than one prophet, and sometimes there were many prophets. Remember thatgenerally speakingit was originally given with respect to the historical circumstances that called it forth. The formal rejection of Jesus by the Jews, as a nation, marked the close of their last opportunity as the special agents of God for the salvation of the world. Eventually Gods purposes will prevail and the plan of salvation will succeed, irrespective of the failure of any person or group. At the time of Isaiahs ministry, Judah was a sinful and unjust nation. All that had been promised might yet come to pass if they would only love and serve Him (Zechariah 6:15; cf. Thus, for more than 1,500 years, a great experiment designed to test the relative merits of good and evil was conducted before the world. Gods call to the nations would have been, Look unto me, and be ye saved, all the ends of the earth (Isaiah 45:22). Who became king of Babylon about the same time that Jeremiah was called by God. Foskey, however, is far from a lock to be selected with one of the 31 first-round selections. Superior intellect. If the nation had been faithful to its trust and had appreciated the high destiny reserved for it by God, the whole earth would have awaited the coming of the Messiah with eager expectancy. According to Jewish tradition Isaiah was sawn asunder. Paul states the same truth in Romans 9:30, 31, where he makes it plain that the Christian church has replaced the Hebrew nation in the divine plan. Most of them left chronological data by which the duration of their ministry can be determined, at least approximately. This leaves Ezekiel with a ministry of at least 22 years, from 593/92 to 571/70. In that day every one that is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem shall even go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts (Zechariah 14:16; cf. What is fascinating is that the prophets Isaiah, Amos, Hosea, and Micah were all contemporaries. The older generation place him in the 9th century B.C., whereas most commentators are now inclined to assign him either to the time of King Josiah or to the postexilic period. In a mysterious way known only to God the prophets words were sometimes intended to meet their fulfillment in the then far-distant future. Long before Norman Podhoretz became one of the intellectual leaders of American neoconservatism, he was a student of Hebrew literature and a passionate reader of the Nevertheless, Isaiah believed that Judah was Gods chosen nation and they would be vindicated by God. On the other hand, the destruction of Nineveh is described as an event still future (chapter 3:7). Thus it had been with Enoch (Genesis 5:24), Abraham (chapter 26:5), and Joseph (chapter 39:2-6). Under Nebuchadnezzars successors Daniels service seems not to have been desired. 1. Baruch, son of Neriah. The glory that distinguished the early part of the reign of Solomon was due in part to his own faithfulness during that time, and in part to the fact that his father David had seemed to appreciate fully Israels exalted privileges and responsibilities (see Psalms 51:10, 11; Isaiah 55:3; cf. By Which king? Accordingly, the book can probably be dated about 425 B.C. Jeremiah 1:7 But the LORD told me: "Do not say, 'I am only a child.' Unparalleled prosperity, both temporal and spiritual, was promised them as the reward for putting into practice the righteous and wise principles of heaven (Deuteronomy 4:6-9; 7:12-15; 28:1-14). All who have faith in Christ are one in Him, and, as a the spiritual seed of Abraham, are heirs according to the promise (Galatians 3:9, 28, 29). Nations that had known nothing of the true God would run to Jerusalem because of the manifest evidence of divine blessing that attended Israel (chapter 55:5). They looked for Messiah to reign as a temporal prince (cf. It ran from the last year Judah's King Uzziah ruled (740 B.C. That some of the words he uses are also found in Jeremiah (Obadiah 1, 3, 4; cf. Ezekiel blames the people for ritual misbehavior. It ignores the plain statements of the Old Testament that Gods promises to Israel were all conditional. The completeness and finality of this rejection is evident from chapter 8:19, 20: As the nations which the Lord destroyeth before your face, so shall ye perish; because ye would not be obedient unto the voice of the Lord your God. The rejection of Jesus by the leaders of Israel (cf. Continuing faithfully under the following three kings, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah (chapter 1:1), he seems to have been fiercely hated by Manasseh, Hezekiahs wicked son. The sons of the stranger [or Gentile, 1 Kings 8:41; see on Exodus 12:19, 43] would join themselves to the Lord, to serve him, and to love the name of the Lord (Isaiah 56:6; Zechariah 2:11). The fundamental principle by which we can tell unerringly when any particular promise or prediction of the Old Testament made originally to literal Israel is to meet its fulfillment with respect to spiritual Israel iswhen a later inspired writer makes such an application of it. 19:21; Isaiah 46:10; Acts 5:39; Hebrews 6:17; etc. Having begun his ministry in the time of Uzziah, king of Judah, and Jeroboam II, king of Israel (chapter 1:1), Hosea continued until the time of Hezekiah, king of Judah (chapter 1:1). When Manasseh came to the throne as sole ruler upon his fathers death, approximately in 686, he lost little time in removing the faithful seer.
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