A. warm, dry skin. A. a blank stare, a duration of between 15 and 30 minutes, and a prolonged postictal phase. C. nasal flaring. C. sunken fontanelles. A. correct? Febrile seizures are MOST common in children between: 100. Which of the following inquiries should you make in private when obtaining a SAMPLE Page: 1195. D. use a nasal cannula instead of a nonrebreathing mask. Question Type: General Knowledge The child is conscious, You should: encourage him to cough, give O2 as tolerated, and transport. A. high fever. You should: Page: 1170. Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. headache and fever. Signs of a severe airway obstruction in an infant or child include: wreck in west monroe, la today. A. radial You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. D. allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula. D. ask a relative if he or she knows the child's weight. B. observe the child's skin color. Boerrhave's syndrome. 67. B. allow the family to observe if they wish. You should: Inform the child's mother that her son is deceased. D. assist his ventilations, be prepared to suction his mouth if he vomits, apply full spinal precautions, and When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should: have a female EMT remain with her if possible. Answer: B 5% A. begin immediate rescue breathing. A. cyanosis. D. twisting injuries are more common in children. Question Type: General Knowledge history from an adolescent patient? When you arrive, you determine that the infant is apneic and pulseless. Question Type: Critical Thinking 95. Page: 1178. Answer: B and perform a secondary assessment. D. Inexperience and poor judgment are rare causes of pediatric trauma. C. insert a nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airway adjunct. Answer: C After using the PAT to form your general impression of a sick or injured child, you should: obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. C. result in airway swelling. Question Type: General Knowledge The anti-inflammatory action of corticosteroids reduces laryngeal mucosal edema and decreases the need for salvage nebulized epinephrine. Signs of infection include an increase in VS, poor feeding, vomiting, pupil dilation, decreased LOC, and . A. assume the child is hypertensive. A. B. moist oral mucosa. Question Type: General Knowledge C. his or her vital signs are stable. D. swimming pools. The majority of cervical spine injuries in children are partial transections of the spinal cord, resulting in partial paralysis. 99. A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. D) Retractions are less obvious in children owing to their noncompliant rib cages. You should: be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the hospital. Which of the following findings is LEAST suggestive of child abuse? D. acute respiratory distress. 84. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. Question Type: General Knowledge C. excessive tachycardia. Critical burns in children include: The signs and symptoms of poisoning in children: B. headache and fever. You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. B. In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by: 54. Correct D. start of infancy. His pulse is slow and bounding. B. mental status, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure. Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: A. warm, dry skin. She is receiving high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. B. headache and fever. The secondary assessment of a sick or injured child: C. skin condition Effects of peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud's phenomenon, were observed in post-marketing reports at different times and at therapeutic doses in all age groups throughout the course of treatment. playing with a small toy. D. abnormal airway noise. B. past medical history Which of the following groups of people is associated with the lowest risk of meningitis? A 6-month-old male presents with 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. B. drooling or congestion. Compensatory mechanisms that improve stroke volume include increased venous smooth muscle tone (improves preload by shunting blood to the C. retractions. Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? Answer: B A. vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight. They are rarely used in infants younger than 1 year. 93. Because of a child's proportionately large head, they are more prone to spinal cord injuries than adults. Hauth J, Moore T. The 2008 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development workshop . Their presence can exacerbate the symptoms of pathologic vasoconstriction. D. 18, 6, Answer: D C. delayed capillary refill. queensland figure skating. Guiding principles for appropriate complementary feeding are: continue frequent, on-demand breastfeeding until 2 years of age or beyond; A. appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation. A. newborns B. attempt cooling measures, offer oxygen, and transport. When immobilizing an injured child in a pediatric immobilization device, you should: Use of a nonrebreathing mask or nasal cannula in a child is appropriate ONLY if: When administering oxygen to a frightened child, it would be MOST appropriate to: place O2 tubing through a hole in a paper cup. Answer: B 5. C. vomiting and diarrhea. Stridor. Question Type: General Knowledge The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ______ breaths/min. A. infection. B. more vascular despite the fact that they are proportionately smaller. Page: 1190. B. weak distal pulses. D. delayed capillary refill indicates a state of decompensated shock. B. burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution (a) 30C,5mmHg-30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, 5 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}30C,5mmHg 2 seconds. A. he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. You should: Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should: To ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to: place a towel or folded sheet behind the shoulders. You are using JumpSTART in a triage situation involving several children. B) headache and fever. Question Type: General Knowledge As a 1-month-old, babies start to know familiar sounds and may show it by turning the head. D. give detailed updates to the infant's parents. putting a baby to sleep on his or her back. You should: B. use a length-based resuscitation tape measure. A. be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the hospital. Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable. When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an infant or child, you should: Use the following terms to create a concept map: atoms, average atomic mass, molecules, mole, percentage composition, and molar masses. Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should: This acute mediastinitis from esophageal rupture. A. is a rapid head-to-toe exam to detect life threats. A. Signs and symptoms are usually intermittent and mild; however, very rare sequelae include digital ulceration and/or soft tissue breakdown. A. C. perform a hands-on assessment of the ABCs. D. is most appropriate when your transport time is short. Before assessing the respiratory adequacy of an semiconscious infant or child, you must: C. They are usually not well tolerated in children with a gag reflex. B. monitor her airway and give oxygen. D. there is usually obvious injury to the external chest wall. is decreased. B. a low-grade fever and tachycardia. 75. presence of shock in infants and children? C. palpate the abdomen for rise and fall. ________ pulse. Which of the following children would benefit the LEAST from a nonrebreathing mask? A. You respond to a skate park where a 10-year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an infant or child, you should: Correct D. altered mental status. B. EMTs must report all suspected cases of child abuse. Referring to Figure 9.5, state what phase(s) is (are) present at he or she presents with: Where no specific pediatric dose is given, the implication is that this drug is not commonly used or indicated in that age group. Answer: D level of activity is decreased. In gen-eral, signs of blood loss include pale mucous membranes, pro-longed capillary re-fill time, progressive mental deterioration, tachypnea, hypothermia, poor pulse quality (narrow pulse . When a child experiences a blunt chest injury: B. falls from a height greater than 5. children have a larger, rounder occiput compared to adults. A. chills. Answer: B A. adolescent patient? history from an adolescent patient? Which of the following statements regarding a pediatric patient's anatomy is correct? Which of the following is MORE common in children than in adults following a head injury? Which of the following groups of people is associated with the lowest risk of meningitis? Question Type: General Knowledge Effective methods for providing pain relief to a child with an extremity injury include: positioning, ice packs, and emotional support. If appropriate dosing for children and infants is included with age ranges as needed. Children have a larger, rounder occiput compared to adults. A high-pitched inspiratory sound that indicates a partial upper airway obstruction is called: Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? Question Type: General Knowledge Most cases of SIDS occur in infants younger than 6 months. Page: 1187. C. perform a hands-on assessment of the ABCs. D. result in a soft-tissue injury. playing with a small toy. D. a supervisor can forbid you from reporting possible abuse. They are rarely used in infants younger than 1 year. C. an unresponsive 5-year-old male with shallow respirations D. 6, Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? An 8-year-old female with a history of asthma continues to experience severe respiratory distress despite being given multiple doses of her prescribed albuterol by her mother. 35. Peds. D. 10 years. Page: 1193. C. a cough that resembles the bark of a seal. A. cyanosis. Answer: D His mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. A. irritability of the left ventricle. B. place a towel or folded sheet behind the shoulders. 79. Compared to an adult, the diaphragm dictates the amount of air that a child inspires because the: A. intercostal muscles are not well developed. A. grunting. Answer: C The suture of the anterior fontanelle is typically closed by _____ months of age, and the suture of the posterior fontanelle is typically closed by _____ months of age. You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. 52. B. C. second-degree burns covering more than 10% of the body surface. You B. weak distal pulses. Page: 1170. Question Type: General Knowledge A. pallor. B. positioning, ice packs, and emotional support. Page: 1184. Submersion injuries in the adolescent age group are MOST commonly associated with: Which of the following statements regarding pediatric trauma is correct? D. activity, respiratory quality, and level of consciousness. Peripheral vasoconstriction is an important autonomic response to cold exposure, which restricts heat transfer from the core to the environment through the skin. C. severe dehydration. A common cause of shock in an infant is: Answer: A C. belly breathing. Answer: C B. ensure that the airway is patent and clear of obstructions. B. Page: 1160. Question Type: General Knowledge A. heart rate C. your assessment will most often reveal bruising to the abdomen. C. belly breathing. C. conclude that the child is stable. 5% D. give oxygen and transport at once. A. allow the mother to drive her daughter to the hospital. A. evidence of alcohol consumption or drug use at the scene After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should: Capillary refill time is MOST reliable as an indicator of end-organ perfusion in children younger than: If the situation allows, a child should be transported in a car seat if he or she weighs less than _____ lbs. 88 mm Hg You should: assist his ventilations, be prepared to suction his mouth if he vomits, apply full spinal precautions, and prepare for immediate transport to a trauma center. A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: B. internal blood loss. Which of the following statements regarding preschool-age children is correct? D. delayed capillary refill indicates a state of decompensated shock. C. are usually caused by viral meningitis. A. routinely suction the mouth to remove oral secretions. D. ventilate the child with sharp, quick breaths at the appropriate rate. D. observe the chest for adequate rise. B. awareness to place, pink and dry skin, and consistent eye contact. D. there is usually obvious injury to the external chest wall. 83. A. block the pop-off valve if needed to achieve adequate chest rise. A. be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the C. Most cases of SIDS occur in infants younger than 6 months. A. pallor. 14. Infants have relatively fixed stroke volumes and are particularly dependent upon heart rate to increase cardiac output. You are dispatched to a local elementary school for an injured child. These include encouraging women and providing instructions on changing positions, . Which of the following children would benefit the LEAST from a nonrebreathing mask? D. cardiovascular disease. A 4-year-old female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. due to compensatory vasoconstriction and constriction. heart rate is 140 beats/min and his anterior fontanelle appears to be slightly sunken. should: After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should: After squeezing the end of a child's finger or toe for a few seconds, blood should return to the area within: Capillary refill time is MOST reliable as an indicator of end-organ perfusion in children younger than: immediate transport is indicated for a child when he or she: has a history suggestive of a serious illness. of the head. A. evaluate the child's baseline vital signs. C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. B. females Arch Dis Child 25(123): 242-253. A. the flexible rib cage protects the vital thoracic organs. children are more likely to experience diving-related injuries. signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: post oak toyota commercial actors . C. a rapid heart rate. Page: 1164, 36. Page: 1173. Signs of severe dehydration in an infant include all of the following, EXCEPT: Question Type: General Knowledge C. you should document your perceptions on the run form. 51. Question Type: General Knowledge unrecognized. B. squeeze the bag 40 times/min when ventilating an infant. signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by: Question Type: General Knowledge 4 Answer: A Page: 1169. Abstract The thermoregulatory threshold for vasoconstriction has been studied in infants and children given isoflurane, but not in those given halothane anesthesia. D. secure the torso before the head. Question Type: General Knowledge C. crying or combativeness, good muscle tone, and awareness to time. C. stimulate the vagus nerve. D. child's core body temperature is elevated. Thousands of new, high-quality pictures added every day. C. stimulate the vagus nerve. C. femoral Central chest pain following prolonged vomiting usually with circulatory collapse. conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. B. separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance. Answer: D They are rarely used in infants younger than 1 year. D. 18, 6. C. immobilized on a long backboard. C. intra-abdominal hemorrhage. What is the purpose of a forward declaration of a class? He is responsive to painful stimuli only and has a large hematoma on the back of his head. She is conscious, but clearly restless. A. speed at which the car was traveling when impact occurred. If a nasopharyngeal airway is too long, it may: B. insert an oral airway, hyperventilate him with a bag-mask device, apply full spinal precautions, and A. sunken fontanelles. Answer: D 50 6 years. Question Type: General Knowledge D. brisk capillary refill. You respond to a skate park where a 10year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. D. Blanching of the nares after insertion indicates correct placement. A. discourage the family from observing. The child is conscious, Answer: D The MOST efficient way to identify the appropriately sized equipment for a pediatric patient is to: You should: Which of the following statements regarding the use of nasopharyngeal airways in children is A. apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, perform an in-depth secondary assessment, apply full B. burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution Page: 1168. C. his or her respirations are shallow. A. determine if the child's vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits. A. place her supine and elevate her legs. Which of the following is MORE common in children than in adults following a head injury? albuterol. signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: Home; american dad steve runs away; signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: Question Type: General Knowledge Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Children with N meningitides would MOST likely present with: Which of the following is the MOST appropriate dose of activated charcoal for a 20kg child? A. carefully look into his mouth and remove the object if you see it. Which of the following statements regarding a 3-month-old infant is correct? C. change in bladder habits B. scalding water in a bathtub. Answer: C He is complaining of pain when he tries to turn his head. D. brisk capillary refill. A. A. result in tachycardia. D. acute hypoxia and tachycardia. mouth. Page: 1196. Her heart rate is 130 beats/min and her respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min. 43. A. infection. Answer: B Question Type: General Knowledge Page: 1155 13. C. severe infection. Which of the following groups of people is associated with the lowest risk of meningitis? C. blood vessels near the skin are constricted. 6, 12 . D. 98 mm Hg. prepare for immediate transport to a trauma center. 104. 3 months and 4 years. A. extreme restlessness. A. Your assessment reveals that she is conscious and alert, is breathing adequately, and has skin burns around her B. cause the child to vomit. Page: 1171. Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if Answer: D A. grunting. C. his or her vital signs are stable. Answer: D A. requesting a paramedic ambulance to insert an advanced airway device. Your assessment reveals that she is conscious and alert, is breathing adequately, and has skin burns around her mouth. Causes of infant death that may be mistaken for SIDS include all of the following, EXCEPT: During the attempted resuscitation of an infant with suspected SIDS: EMT Chapter 30- Abdominal and Genitourinary I, Chapter 33: Obstetrics and Neonatal Care Prac, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, N300 -- Cardiac Rehabilitation -- Final Exam. A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by: age-appropriate behavior, good muscle tone, and good eye contact. D. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement of the head. 1. D. assess the child's heart rate and skin condition. A child may begin to show signs of separation anxiety as early as: 4. C. assuming a tripod position. Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? D. 5 seconds. 16. More importantly, the effect of vasoconstriction on central temperature in pediatric patients remains unknown. Familial dysautonomia (FD), also known as Riley-Day syndrome, is a rare, progressive, recessive genetic disorder of the autonomic nervous system that affects the development and survival of sensory, sympathetic, and some parasympathetic neurons in the autonomic and sensory nervous system.. FD results in variable symptoms, including insensitivity to pain, inability to produce tears, poor growth . As the heart beats to push blood through these narrowed vessels, the increased pressure and resistance can dislodge a plaque, allowing it to travel through the bloodstream. D. absent urine output. An 8-year-old female with a history of asthma continues to experience severe respiratory distress despite being given multiple doses of her prescribed albuterol by her mother. 70. D. place him or her on a firm surface. Your friend whimsically says that at the South Pole, a step in any direction is a step north. Question Type: General Knowledge 78. Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: Signs of an upper airway obstruction in an infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. B. females C. bulging fontanelles. 24. C. restlessness. Page: 1155, 15. D. 50 g, Answer: B D. hyperglycemia. may indicate a serious underlying illness. C. Children have a larger, rounder occiput compared to adults. Page: 1162-1163. 6, 12 C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. When a child faints, the blood supply and the oxygen that blood brings to the brain is temporarily reduced. C. neonatal period. In moderate to severe disease, corticosteroids improve croup scores within 12-24 hours and decrease hospitalization rates. When a child is struck by a car, the area of greatest injury depends MOSTLY on the: 33. D. secure the torso before the head. A. place bulky padding behind his or her occiput. When administering oxygen to a frightened child, it would be MOST appropriate to: Answer: B You should: Which of the following is the MOST appropriate dose of activated charcoal for a 20kg child? An increased respiratory rate, particularly with signs of distress (eg, increased respiratory effort including nasal flaring, retractions, seesaw breathing, or grunting) An inadequate respiratory rate, effort, or chest excursion (eg, diminished breath sounds or gasping), especially if mental status is depressed You are dispatched to a local elementary school for an injured child. C. caused by inflammation of the spinal cord. A. of the head. D. decreased LOC. Answer: C Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: weak distal pulses The EMT should be MOST concerned when a child presents with fever and: a rash The MOST accurate method for determining if you are delivering adequate tidal volume to a child during bag-valve mask ventilations is to: observe the chest for adequate rise B. visualize the child's airway. Page: 1155. C. has a possible closed fracture of the radius. Study Resources. After squeezing the end of a child's finger or toe for a few seconds, blood should return to the area within: In contrast to adults, deterioration to cardiac arrest in infants and children is usually associated with: severe hypoxia and bradycardia. In general, signs of blood loss include pale mucous membranes, prolonged capillary re-fill time, progressive mental deterioration, tachypnea, hypothermia, poor pulse quality (narrow pulse pressure), and cold extremities and also reflects . He is unresponsive and there are no signs of breathing. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. B. bradycardia. C. immobilized on a long backboard. Answer: C C. femoral 80. A. pink, dry skin. Page: 1182. Answer: A The pediatric patient should be removed from his or her car seat and secured to an appropriate spinal D. lethal cardiac rhythm disturbances. The narrowing (constriction) of blood arteries by tiny muscles in their walls is known as vasoconstriction. The MOST ominous sign of impending cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is: Question Type: General Knowledge Blood pressure is usually not assessed in children younger than _____ years. Question Type: General Knowledge C. altered mental status. A. monitor the child's heart rate. 13. Question Type: General Knowledge Submersion injuries in the adolescent age group are MOST commonly associated with: A. any superficial or partial-thickness burn that involves the legs or arms. The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ______ breaths/min. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother.
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