Finding the epicenter of an Earthquake by Ah - Ha Lessons 5.0 (1) $3.00 PDF Activity This lesson teaches the student the process scientists use to locate the epicenter of an EQ. Quick Tips. Step 1: ans- d) 65 seconds Ste . 1. 0000000856 00000 n 9 - The real-world earthquake data is viewable via a graphical interface using a scaling map. 0000106240 00000 n waves from a distant earthquake. Therefore, the lag endstream endobj startxref Legal. travel 3,000 miles. The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. What is the Section A - Operator Information 1. Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. PDF. Seismograms Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . Locating an Epicenter through Triangulation of Seismic Data- Remote/Hybrid/Live. Before looking at the Earthquakes Living Lab, have pairs complete the, Then guide the teams to the Earthquakes Living Lab via the living lab website at. P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. Click for facts and worksheets in PDF! (Grades 9 - 12). %PDF-1.4 % 0000003855 00000 n %%EOF Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. It is slower than the same earthquake's P wave and cannot travel through liquids. Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects. Do you think we will someday be able to prevent earthquakes? An earthquake is the violent movement of tectonic plates in the Earth's crust. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. 3. S-P interval: The time interval between the arrivals of P and S waves. minutes and P waves 8 minutes to approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes ActivityWorksheet Example Answers 4 now big earthquakes are measured using the moment magnitude scale; both scales essentially rank the power (energy release) of the earthquake. triangulation: A method to determine exactly where an earthquake originates. As you may know, people have look numerous times for . [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C 0000001978 00000 n 11 minutes elapsed between the first P wave and the last measurable surface wave. Students learn how engineers build shake tables that simulate the ground motions of the Earth caused by seismic waves in order to test the seismic performance of buildings. epicenter, the longer the lag time measured Thus, the Richter scale is used for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less), while the moment magnitude scale is used for measuring stronger earthquakes (3.5 M or higher). Direct students to finish the activity by completing the. To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . Privacy Policy, Seismograms from seismic stations in Fresno, CA, Phoenix, AZ, and Las Vegas, NV, A modified travel time curve for S-P wave, A Modified Travel Time Curve for S-P Wave. 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[83 25]/Info 82 0 R/Length 62/Prev 466624/Root 84 0 R/Size 108/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Virtual Earthquake (tutorial/simulation) 1996. Assess their understanding based on the thoroughness of their answers. In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. 9 - So next, students compute the magnitude of this same earthquake by looking at the three simplified seismograms again, but this time selecting each's maximum S wave amplitude (height). Do limits exist on what science can predict? 0 In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. Continue the discussion with the following questions (or assign these questions as homework): Have student groups explore one or more of the other two regions (Southern California and Japan) provided in the Virtual Earthquake simulation. See Answer. A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. What is an earthquake? What is an earthquake? Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! 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View Notes - Locating_an_epicenter_activity from SCIENCE Earth Scie at Toms River High North. activity illustrates how the epicenter of an earthquake is found. Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. Figure 1 is a simplified example of a It is called triangulation because a triangle has three sides, and it takes three seismographs to locate an earthquake. directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Next, have student groups answer the eight questions in the. 0000008088 00000 n So the difference in the P- and S-wave arrival times determines the distance between the epicenter and a seismometer. Overhead transparency of each of the handouts, Overhead projector (contact classroom teacher about this) and screen, Optional: overhead transparency or PowerPoint of, What do you know about the causes and impacts of Earthquakes? Students also investigate which structural designs are most likely to survive an earthquake. graph. The epicenter of an earthquake can be found using the difference between the arrival of the Primary and Secondary waves. Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key buysms de. 0000001562 00000 n If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. A. Seismic waves-waves generated by an earthquake, can move the ground forward and back- answers the question. 1. Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. miles from the epicenter of an Get the inside scoop on all things TeachEngineering such as new site features, curriculum updates, video releases, and more by signing up for our newsletter! 0000004457 00000 n When an earthquake strikes, P waves arrive at a seismograph rst and S waves next. The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. Thanks for your feedback! Thanks for your feedback! This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. travel time for P waves. Figure 2. Also commonly termed the focus. Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects. (i. 0000003254 00000 n Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. "`B(R6sj [CX7p+s =#;~ `'kA earthquake - shaking and vibration of Earth's surface. Seismic Waves. different types of seismic waves. (, Find the S-P interval for each seismogram and record answers in the S-P column of, Find the distance to the epicenter (in kilometers) from each recording station and record answers in Table 1. When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. 0000115324 00000 n Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. PS: We do not share personal information or emails with anyone. Choose an answer and hit 'next'. Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. To abbreviate, use the symbol M (a capital M, plain text, no sub/superscripts) expressed to the nearest 0.1. Do you agree with this alignment? If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. What was the lag time (in minutes) at this location? The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions. inch = 500 km. 0000001533 00000 n Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. Hand out the worksheets to the groups and direct them to read through the instructions. 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . Then do the same for the S-wave. 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Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. Earthquakes and Volcanoes. MS-ESS3-2. Copyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. 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