Other needs take over and we endeavor to satisfy them. d) Social As with nAch, nAff varies in intensity across individuals. Which of the following is the correct order of Maslow's needs from the lowest (lower-order need) to the highest (higher-order need)? When theyre present in sufficient quantities, we avoid dissatisfaction, but they do not contribute to satisfaction. To surrender. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. These precepts from SDT are entirely consistent with earlier discussions of theories by McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg. e) The theory fails and does not clearly categorize salary. a. deterrence theory b. routine activities theory c. social disorganization theory d. neurological theory, Examples of informal sanctions include the following EXCEPT ______. c) hygiene factors Four componentssatisfaction progression, frustration, frustration regression, and aspirationare key to understanding Alderfers ERG theory. a) opportunity for advancement. Biology questions and answers. ) Process theories of motivation attempt to explain this aspect of motivation by focusing on the intensity of motivation as well as its direction. b) Alderfer's ERG theory. __________ is the process of developing, negotiating, and formalizing the targets or objectives that a person is responsible for accomplishing. b) The theory has been scientifically verified with methods other than the original. e) working longer hours. b) Social Watson's carative factors include all the following, EXCEPT: A. This is in contrast to the thousands of needs that earlier researchers had identified, and also fewer than Murray identified in his theory. Dec 12, 2022 OpenStax. When we are hungry, for example, our need for food has been energized. Question 8. We will always satisfy our need for water before we satisfy our social needs; water needs have prepotency over social needs. Sustainability should be visible both within and outside the company. To overcome opposition forcefully. 3. Given the success of the program, in 2017 it was expanded to all RBS sites and a smartphone app was added to help employees participate in the challenges (Barton 2017). To adhere and remain loyal to a friend. c) supervision. There are four major process theories: (1) operant conditioning, (2) equity, (3) goal, and (4) expectancy. a) The multiplier effect is still in question. An example of commutative justice occurs when all parties in a sexual harassment complaint perceive themselves as having full access to all the available facts and information. Unilever employees more than 170,000 workers globally and has an employ engagement level around 80 percent. That is, most people spend much of their lives developing self-esteem and the esteem of others. That means that the employer should help employees satisfy lower-order needs like safety and security and social needs. According to Bhattacharya, a company needs to first define what it does and its long-term purpose, and then reconcile its sustainability goals with its economic goals. a) expectancy is high and instrumentality and valence are low According to the two-factor theory of motivation, all of the following are sources of job satisfaction EXCEPT: trade accounts from customers prepaid expenses cash on hand loan. The twenty-one Nursing Problems C. Restorative Care Needs D. Therapeutic Self-care Demands b) Motivator factors include a sense of achievement, recognition, and responsibility. b) perceived positive inequity e) In collectivist cultures, people seem to be more concerned about equality than equity. e) relatedness. SDT theory has interesting implications for the management of organizational behavior. According to his theory, people first direct their attention to satisfying their lower-order needs. e) an employee's responsibility to develop need profiles required for success in their respective manager's jobs, b) possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs. Orem believes there are two types of human beings: those who need nursing care and those who produce it. Kohlberg's theory of moral development Piaget's stages of cognitive development Erikson's stages of psychosocial development Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development a. losing one's family b. shame c. arrest d. losing a job, All of the . b.) The theory posits that to maximize employee motivation, employers must try to guide workers to the upper parts of the hierarchy. But not all companies battle such low engagement rates. We recommend using a A disaster may be domestic or international b. a) Positive inequity Find the amount of interest that could be earned in a savings account and a certificate of deposit account. d. serving as a research framework. Thus, an employee can be dissatisfied with low pay. A. Hierarchy-of-needs B.Two-factor motivation C. Achievement motivation D. Equit y The text focuses on three content theories that have received the greatest amount of attention: the hierarchy-of-needs theory, the two-factor motivation theory, and the achievement motivation theory. d) goals that are easily stated in objective terms. e) Motivation = expectancy + rewards + valence, a) Motivation = expectancy X instrumentality X valence, The expectancy theory of motivation predicts that a person will be motivated to work hard when __________. b) 25 According to CB Bhattacharya, the Pietro Ferrero Chair in Sustainability at ESMT European School of Management and Technology in Berlin, Germany, employment engagement, or how positive employees feel about their current job, was at an all-time low globally in 2016: 13 percent. Joanna likes attention and is driven by seeking influence over others. (After all, doesnt everyone want to be paid well? a) Reinforcement It focuses on employee motivation,. Matching b. Verifiability c . e) Motivation = expectancy + rewards + valence, a) Motivation = expectancy X instrumentality X valence, Organizational Theory CHAPTER 5-8 Quiz 2 Set, Ch.14 Leader Traits and Behavioral Styles, Nonprofit Managment - Chapter 17 Internationa, Nonprofit Chapter 16 - Social Entrepreneurshi, Nonprofit Chapter 15 - Government Grants and, Nonprofit Management Chapter 14 - Earned Inco, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Arlene Lacombe, Kathryn Dumper, Rose Spielman, William Jenkins, Combo with Phonology and Acqusition and 1 oth. d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization They constantly ask how they are doing, sometimes to the point of being a nuisance. c. contingency. That is, we lose interest in the higher-level needs when lower-order needs are energized. e) assumed negative inequity, According to equity theory, which of the following exists when an individual feels that he or she has received relatively more than others have received? Lucretias chattiness probably indicates her need for affiliation. d) improving hygiene factors will prevent people from being dissatisfied. exports to Europe? 48. According to the company website, Bombas exists to help solve this problem, to support the homeless community, and to bring awareness to an under-publicized problem in the United States (n.p.). b) satisfier factors The theory of multiple intelligences, developed by Howard Gardner, posits that humans can possess eight different types of intelligence: musical-rhythmic, visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. d) the different needs that an individual is trying to satisfy Herzbergs work suggests a two-stage process for managing employee motivation and satisfaction. They like situations where the probability of success is moderate. Content theories of motivation mainly focus on the physiological and psychological deficiencies that people feel a compulsion to reduce or eliminate. During the process of refining and extending Maslows theory, Alderfer provided another need-based theory and a somewhat more useful perspective on motivation.12 Alderfers ERG theory compresses Maslows five need categories into three: existence, relatedness, and growth.13 In addition, ERG theory details the dynamics of an individuals movement between the need categories in a somewhat more detailed fashion than typically characterizes interpretations of Maslows work. e) improving hygiene factors will make people satisfied with their work. An overriding principle in this theory is that a persons attention (direction) and energy (intensity) will focus on satisfying the lowest-level need that is not currently satisfied. c) It can vary across cultures. A lot of fishing, no fish, and no results equal failure! The second component, frustration, occurs when we attempt but fail to satisfy a particular need. Question 16 Characteristics of "good" theories discussed in class include all of the following, except: A good theory should be clearly stated All else constant, the simplest possible explanation for a phenomenon is preferable O A good theory does not need to be rigorously tested Its constructs should be able to be operationalized A good theory should include all important predictor variables A manifest need is whatever need is motivating us at a given time. They differ in that they feel best when they have influenced a work group to achieve the groups goals, and not some personal agenda. Over time the hobby becomes less fun and is done in order to receive extrinsic rewards (money). Do you study at Liberty University? McClelland calls this the two faces of power.7 A personal power seeker endeavors to control others mostly for the sake of dominating them. Whatever their perspective, most people have a cause that they are passionate about. Subsistence When weve eaten to satiation, we are no longer motivated to eat. With no trains running, MTA employees are able to inspect signals, replace rails and crossties, scrape track floors, clean stations, and paint areas that are not reachable during normal train operation. stick to one leadership style. e) It is too culture bound. LEVEL 2 Wine Online with Tasting Kit Course runs April 3 - May 8, 2023 Live Webinars: Mondays 4/10, 4/17, 4/24 and 5/08 from 3pm-4:30pm ET. e.) Inducement. a) the length of time a person sticks with a given action a) expectancy Herzberg considered job duties that lead to feelings of achievement and recognition to be motivators. Other companies have made social responsibility an everyday part of what they do. Physiological, safety and social needs are __________ according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. They represent a continuing process of self-development and self-improvement that, once satisfied on one dimension (painting), create motivation to continue on other dimensions (sculpting). Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . b) the amount of effort a person puts forth. Any discussion of needs that motivate performance would be incomplete without considering Abraham Maslow.8 Thousands of managers in the 1960s were exposed to Maslows theory through the popular writings of Douglas McGregor.9 Today, many of them still talk about employee motivation in terms of Maslows theory. To ask or answer general questions. Want to cite, share, or modify this book? A disaster may be caused by nature or have human origins c. A disaster always receives widespread media coverage. d) improving hygiene factors will prevent people from being dissatisfied. a) People with a high need for achievement prefer individual responsibilities, challenging goals, and performance feedback. Champions for the effort must be found throughout the organization, not just at the top. The unconscious is extremely difficult to study. b) instrumentalities They build empires, and they protect them. According to Maslow, Sharon is driven by which these needs? liaison c) internalized negative inequity (Credit: Patrick Cashin/ flickr/ Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)), Corporate Social Responsibility as a Motivating Force, (Credit: Adrenalin Tim /flickr/ Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)), (Attribution: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC-BY 4.0 license), Satisfying Existence, Relatedness, and Growth Needs, Jamie Dimon, CEO at JP Morgan Chase, is reported to make $27 million dollars per year, and as CEO has an interesting and intrinsically rewarding job. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. d) It holds that people try to resolve the inequities they perceive they are experiencing. eclectic therapies d. Therapy in which the main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly. Motivators, which relate to the jobs we perform and our ability to feel a sense of achievement as a result of performing them, are rooted in our need to experience growth and self-actualization. d) Cells are made up of similar shapes, colors, and sizes. Assume that any temporary external investment of money earns I0% per year and that any temporary financing is done at 6%. Employees can be dissatisfied, neutral, or satisfied with their jobs, depending on their levels of hygienes and motivators. Herzberg recommends using _________ to build motivators into job content. Do you think most companies CSR programs are essentially PR gimmicks? a) achievement To excite, amaze, fascinate, entertain, shock, intrigue, amuse, or entice others. According to McClelland, Joanna has a high need for _____________. b) Stajkovic, Locke, and Blair This need is the second of McClellands learned needs. d) Higher and lower-order needs become equally important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. a) It is a content theory of motivation. a) work itself. d) Felt positive inequity Maslow's social needs tend to be more important in more collectivist societies like Mexico, thereby challenging the structured approach to the pyramid across cultures. As a manager at Icon International, Nicole is driven by a personal sense of competence, respect from others, and recognition through various awards. This doesnt mean that they avoid other people, or that they dislike others. To give sympathy and gratify the needs of a helpless object: an infant or any object that is weak, disabled, tired, inexperienced, infirm, defeated, humiliated, lonely, dejected, sick, or mentally confused. Factors inside the person that cause people to perform tasks, intrinsic motivation, arise out of performing a task in and of itself, because it is interesting or fun to do. The implications of Maslows theory for organizational behavior are as much conceptual as they are practical. a) power. b. through empirical analysis. d) interactional justice D) a constant intensity. The answer is, the success of many organizations is dependent on the nAch levels of their employees.6 This is especially true for jobs that require self-motivation and managing others. To seek enjoyable relaxation from stress. reflection g. A therapy that uses secondary reinforcements to change behavior. 47. Jobs that are best performed alone are more appropriate for low-nAff employees, who are less likely to be frustrated. Question 13 0 / 1 pts Content theories tend to: None of these Type: MC You Answered emphasize whether persistence will prevail provide a reasonable balance of direction and intensity focus on the intensity portion of motivation Correct Answer emphasize the direction component of motivation To conceal or justify a misdeed, failure, or humiliation. a) ERG theory We are not born with a high (or low) need for achievementwe learn to need success (or failure). b) Esteem Many needs are learned. If the dollar decreases in value in Clayton Alderfer observed that very few attempts had been made to test Maslows full theory. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. These eight types of intelligence represent the varied ways individuals process information. The Victims' Rights Movement. To escape from a dangerous situation. [3] [page needed] Stage theories [ edit] Then find the difference between the amount of savings interest and certificate of deposit interest. b) changing the outcomes received. 4. Damage to the ecological environment b. Displacement of populations So what motivates employees to give their all, work creatively, and be fully engaged? e) People with a low need for achievement will also have a low need for affiliation. 58. c) The theory does not account for regression. According to Maslow, lower-order needs are: c. He relied on correlational methods. Identify important outcomes. c. mainly by accident. Job enrichment is one effective strategy; this frequently entails training and rotating employees through different jobs, or adding new challenges. As you would expect, high-nAff people are very sociable. c) performance is higher with easy goals d) Who will be a more appropriate manager for an employee c) hygiene factors involve the work setting or the environment in which people work. This makes nAch a personality trait as well as a statement about motivation. a) reducing work inputs. e) It holds that people who feel underpaid will reduce their work efforts to compensate for missing rewards. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory.
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